新题型英语改错技巧

   英语组  熊淑梅

         今年是河南省实行新课标高考的第一年，面对新的英语改错题型，学生该如何做得更好，当然要有老师好的指导。本人就英语改错题进行了如下总结。

 　　首先是看清题目要求：短文中有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第十一处起）不计分。其次是改错格式要正确：增加：在缺词处家一个漏字符号（^）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。只有找出错误，改错格式正确，改得也正确才能得分。重点也是难点如何找出错误并正确的改过来。下面就如何找错编一个顺口溜。

        短文改错很简单，名词动词两主线；名词可数不可数，形式是复还是单；动词及物不及物，有无宾语在后边；何种时态弄清楚，主动被动需判断；非谓动词何形式，作何成分是关键；形容副词互扰乱，何种级别是重点；冠词用冠不用冠，定冠还是不定冠；代词指代要一致，定宾主表认真选；从句连词要判断，做不做成分仔细看；遇到and要判断，到底并列还是选转；若为并列就不变，若转but来更换；介词副词按短语，习惯用法按习惯；前后文章要连贯，审后没错不用变。

       下面就如何解题总结如下：解题思路（三步解题法）：第一步：快速浏览全文，掌握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意，顺便标记自己一眼就能看出的错误。第二步：细读文章的每一句话。一般要结合文章的前后句以及出题规律来做题。第三步：代入已经修改完成的答案通读全文，看其是否通顺。

        高考短文改错出题人一般会在以下方面进行出题。把握出题规律后做题会事半功倍！

        1. 动词

      （1）主要考察能力：时态、主谓是否一致、固定搭配。

      （2）出题形式：①时态混用：例：One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help.②主谓不一致：例：There exist now a park that has a small river running through.③固定搭配：例：There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work.    

       2. 名词

       （1）主要考察能力：单复数混用。

     （2）出题形式：单复数混用。例：Kalar is eighteen year old. She is very busy.例：As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees.  

       3. 形容词/副词

      （1）主要考察能力：两者之间是否混用。

      （2）出题形式：形容词与副词混用。该用形容词的地方原文用了副词，该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。①副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中，例：During the basketball season, Yao Ming is much busier than usually.②形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中，例：The man insisted, so I grateful accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road.  

       4. 介词

      （1） 主要考察能力：（特殊是与动词的）固定搭配。

      （2） 出题形式：①介词省略。例：I ask my father the money.②介词多余。例：I never knew much about her except for that she was strange.③介词用错(一般为固定搭配)。例：Beside attending English lessons at school, I often went to the English Corner in the park near my home on Saturday morning.   

       5. 连词  

        主要考察能力：前后两句话之间的衔接关系。常考三种关系： but转折 and并列 because原因。①例：I had forgotten it, and my teacher still remembered it.②例：Without a moment's delay, my neighbour picked up the but announced, "I'll take them."    

        6. 句式

       （1） 主要考察能力：常考that与what或which/how与what之间的转换。

       （2） 出题形式：①例：It was turned out to be her own cup, that she'd left on the shelf by mistake.②例：There we practise spoken English, talking about that we are interested in, exchanging our experiences in learning English and so on.   

        7. 冠词

       （1） 主要考察能力：句中冠词是否多余。

       （2） 出题形式：①冠词多余。例：In the first day when I went to work in a very famous restaurant, my boss complained that there were very a few people coming for dinner.②冠词遗漏。例：I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor.

        8. 代词

       （1） 主要考察能力：代词是否多余，以及与反身代词之间的混用。

       （2） 出题形式：①代词多余。例：Please help me pick up some my books.②代词混用。例：It was only when we did their chemistry project together that I begin to understand why Christmas dressed the way she did.③代词遗漏。例：Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it.作形式主语和形式宾语的it.I find difficult to make friends with you. 我发现跟你交朋友很难。

         平时在学生做英语改错练习时多给些指导，再加上他们自己的练习总结，相信他们一定能在今年的英语高考改错题上得高分。